Taekwondo 태권도Taekwondo Preschool

When you reach senior belt you are expected to guide the junior belts when they are beginning Taekwondo such as showing by example. To advance from one rank to the next, students typically complete promotion tests in which they demonstrate their proficiency in the various aspects of the art before a panel of judges or their teacher. View Taekwondo belt levels »

Back Stance

뒷굽이 dwi-kubi

Difficulty Level: Intermediate Level Technique: Stance ( 서기 sogi )

The Back Stance ( 뒷굽이 dwi-kubi ) is one of the most common stances ( 서기 sogi ) performed in patterns ( 품새 poomse ), one-step sparring, and demonstrations. This unique stance ( 서기 sogi ) is specifically focused on shifting weight to the back leg, as it offers much more control, and makes it easier to kick off the front leg.

To perform the Back Stance ( 뒷굽이 dwi-kubi ), the body faces slightly to the side, with the front foot facing forward and the front knee bent. The back leg is bent slightly and the foot is turned outwards perpendicular to the front foot making the letter "L" for this stance ( 서기 sogi ). In International Taekwondo Federation (ITF), this stance ( 서기 sogi ) is called the L Stance.

Since there is almost no weight on the front leg, it can be swept without affecting the practitioner's overall balance. The weight distribution of this stance ( 서기 sogi ) is 30% front and 70% at the back. This stance ( 서기 sogi ) should be 3 foot-length from origin. Align the shoulder, hip, knee ( 무릎 mureup ), and ankle ( 발목 balmog ) of back leg into a straight line. Practitioners must have their body weight correctly distributed during each different stance ( 서기 sogi ) and during footwork ( 딛기 ditgi ). Each technique must be correctly aligned.

When learning the Back Stance ( 뒷굽이 dwi-kubi ), it is helpful to use a mirror to observe your stance ( 서기 sogi ) posture and fix your mistakes immediately. Align your feet as stated above - some styles require that your body is turned so only your front shoulder is visible through the mirror. Practice is the act of rehearsing a behavior over and over, or engaging in an activity again and again, for the purpose of improving or mastering it, as in the phrase 'practice makes perfect'.

Generally the Back Stance ( 뒷굽이 dwi-kubi ) is most commonly performed with the Single Knife Hand Outward Block ( 한손날 바깥막기 hansonnal-bakkat-makgi ), Outside Middle Block ( 바깥막기 momtong-bakkat-makgi ), Middle Block ( 몸통막기 momtong-makgi ), and Palm Heel Inward Block ( 바탕손 안막기 batangson-an-makgi ) in patterns ( 품새 poomse ) and one-step sparring.

Use of this stance ( 서기 sogi ) is featured prominently in many of the World Taekwondo (WT) Poomse. Taekwondo poomse are the learning ground for real combat. As such, the muscles of the body should be lightly relaxed in order to perform the pattern with fluidity, speed and grace. Muscles should only be tensed at the moment of imaginary impact in order to commute maximum power to any individual taekwondo technique.

In taekwondo, it is important to master the Back Stance ( 뒷굽이 dwi-kubi ) as it is performed frequently in the training curriculum and a highlight of the Korean martial arts.

There is a variant of this stance ( 서기 sogi ) called ‘ㅗ’ Shape Stance ( ‘ㅗ’자 서기 oja-sogi ) where the body is shifted to the center and the weight distribution is 50/50 ratio. When performing this stance ( 서기 sogi ) one should just be able to see the toes of one's back foot over the knee ( 무릎 mureup ).

Variations of Back Stance ( 뒷굽이 dwi-kubi )

‘ㅗ’ Shape Stance (body shifted to center) ( ‘ㅗ’자 서기 oja-sogi )

Training Methods

How well one improves with training depends on several factors, such as the frequency it is engaged in, and the type of feedback that is available for improvement. If a student does not train often enough, reinforcement fades, and he or she is likely to forget what was learned.

When learning the stance ( 서기 sogi ), it is helpful to use a mirror to observe your stance ( 서기 sogi ) posture and fix your mistakes immediately. Initially, a student may need focused feedback from a certified Master Instructor ( 사범님 sabeomnim ); however, as they progress, they must develop the ability to self-assess the stance ( 서기 sogi ).

Minimum Level Requirement: Green Stripe Belt (7th geup)

Difficulty of Technique

Taekwondo students of geup ranking learn the most basic techniques first, and then move on to more advanced and difficult techniques as they approach 1st Dan Black Belt. The more difficult the technique, the more practice may be needed for the purpose of improving or mastering it, as in the phrase 'practice makes perfect'. Every technique must display the requisite speed, balance, power and firmness to be realistically used as an attack or defense move.

70% Difficulty

Up to 90% Difficulty

* Please see a certified Master Instructor ( 사범님 sabeomnim ) for training. Proper guidance and instructions are needed to ensure safe training.

Promotion Tests

Students often undergo periodic testing and grading by their own Master Instructor ( 사범님 sabeomnim ) in order to advance to a higher level of recognized achievement such as a different belt color. They need to demonstrate their proficiency in the various aspects of the art such as the execution of patterns ( 품새 poomse ), which combine various techniques in specific sequences.

Back Stance ( 뒷굽이 dwi-kubi ) is a requirement for the below belt levels (Techniques vary between schools). Promotion from one belt level to the next can proceed rapidly in some schools, since schools often allow geup promotions every two, three, or four months. Students of geup rank learn the most basic techniques first, and then move on to more advanced techniques as they approach first dan black belt. View Promotion Tests »

Back Stance ( 뒷굽이 dwi-kubi )

Footing Surface

Various surfaces of the foot may be engaged as the footing surface depending on which area of the body is being used. Proper footwork is used to enable the proper balancing of the body, to support combinations of strikes and launch strikes from the proper angle or distance. For more information on Impact Surface Areas »

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Technique Injuries

Collisions with the ground, objects, and other taekwondo practitioners are common, and unexpected dynamic forces on limbs and joints can cause injury. Taekwondo injuries can also occur in techniques if done improperly or from overuse of a particular body part. Taking a break from training or reducing the volume and the intensity of the training will allow the body to recover. For more information on Injuries »

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Common Mistakes when Performing the Technique

When performing the technique, there will be more mistakes as a beginner and as the practitioner advances through the rankings, they will have learned and improved from the past. How well one improves with training depends on several factors, such as the frequency it is engaged in, and the type of feedback that is available for improvement.

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Some Techniques used in this Stance ( 서기 sogi )

An example of the union of mental and physical discipline is the combination of stance ( 서기 sogi ), footwork ( 딛기 ditgi ), and technique (either with block and/or strike), which requires both physical mastery of the technique and the concentration to focus one's power. Experienced practitioners learn through repetition and muscle memory when (not just how) to launch particular techniques, based on the circumstances they are facing.

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Training Highlights Summary

The Stance ( 서기 sogi ) contains many key point highlights. There are some that are simple and straightforward but then some are complex and detailed that require repeated training to learn and master.

30% Front Leg (Weight Distribution)

70% Back Leg (Weight Distribution)

is specifically focused on shifting weight to the back leg
it offers much more control and makes it easier to kick off the front leg
the body faces to the side naturally, with the front foot facing forward and the front leg bent
the back leg is bent slightly and the foot is turned outwards perpendicular to the front foot making the letter "L" for this stance
the weight distribution of this stance is 30% front and 70% at the back
this stance should be 3 foot-length from origin
align the shoulder, hip, knee, and ankle of back leg into a straight line

* Please see a certified Master Instructor ( 사범님 sabeomnim ) for training. Proper guidance and instructions are needed to ensure safe training.

Back Stance ( 뒷굽이 dwi-kubi )

Use in Sparring ( 겨루기 gyeorugi )

Under World Taekwondo (WT) and Olympic rules, sparring is a full-contact event and takes place between two competitors in an area measuring 8 meters square. A win can occur by points, or if one competitor is unable to continue (knockout) the other competitor wins. Points are awarded for permitted, accurate, and powerful techniques to the legal scoring areas; light contact does not score any points. For more information on World Taekwondo (WT) Tournament Sparring »

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Use in Self-Defense ( 호신술 hosinsool ) Applications

Self-Defense is to protect yourself from being attacked from would-be aggressors. It is a countermeasure that involves defending the health and well-being of oneself from harm and is designed primarily to cause injury or quickly incapacitate an attacker, in addition to being a deterrent against them. Attackers are typically larger, stronger, and are often armed or have an accomplice. With proper execution attackers may be incapacitated with a single blow, which lessens the number of attacks with multiple people. For more information on Self-Defense ( 호신술 hosinsool ) »

Practitioners must have their body weight correctly distributed during the stance ( 서기 sogi ) including proper footwork ( 딛기 ditgi ). Each technique must be correctly timed and aligned in order to defend effectively. The stance ( 서기 sogi ) is commonly performed during Self-Defense ( 호신술 hosinsool ) scenarios.

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Use in One-Step Sparring

One-Step Sparring is performed with a partner in which predefined movements are practiced. One student is the attacker while the other student responds with defenses, counterattacks, and/or other actions, based on part of the predefined movements. For more information on One-Step Sparring »

The stance ( 서기 sogi ) is commonly featured during One-Step Sparring practice. Fundamentally, taekwondo One-Step Sparring is one of the learning grounds for real combat. As such, every technique including stance ( 서기 sogi ) must display the requisite speed, power and firmness to be realistically used as an attack or defense move. One-Step Sparring varies between schools.

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Use in Breaking ( 격파 gyeokpa )

The discipline of destroying inanimate objects such as wooden boards, baseball bats, ice blocks or cement bricks and is a feature common to martial arts including taekwondo. A single board or stack of boards may be broken or, alternatively, a series of boards may be broken in a pre-set sequence utilizing a variety of strikes. Advanced competitors may even break several boards in a single jump with multiple kicks before landing. For more information on Breaking ( 격파 gyeokpa ) »

In use, the stance ( 서기 sogi ) is featured during Breaking ( 격파 gyeokpa ) events. General qualities that judges look for in any taekwondo practitioner include proper breathing technique and body control. The diaphragm must be engaged in deep breathing, shallow breathing concentrated in the upper abdomen results in raised shoulders and stressed muscles. Breaking ( 격파 gyeokpa ) varies between schools.

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Did you know?

Korean language is often used in taekwondo practice. During promotion tests, practitioners are usually asked what certain Korean words used in class mean. Korean numerals may be used as prompts or commands. Often, students count in Korean during their class such as when stretching, warmups, kicking drills, and more. For more information View Korean Numerals »

RESOURCES
This article uses material from the Wikipedia articles "Taekwondo" and "Korean Numerals" which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Back Stance ( 뒷굽이 dwi-kubi )

Use in Patterns ( 품새 poomse )

Stance is introduced in the following patterns:

TAEGEUK #: 3 4 5 6 7 8

PALGWE #: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

BLACK BELT: Koryo (1st Dan) Keumgang (2nd Dan) Taebaek (3rd Dan)

Poomse is the foundation for the teaching of taekwondo. A poomse or form is a detailed pattern of defense-and-attack motions and techniques used in traditional martial arts. Poomse is useful in developing proper kinetics, mental and physical fortitude.

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Most Kukkiwon 국기원 schools will use the poomse taegeuk whereas a few schools will use the poomse palgwe. The meanings, trigrams and symbols are shared by both poomse taegeuk and poomse palgwe, however the sequence of movements is different. The first 8 forms of the set of poomse differ from each other, whereas the last 9 forms (Black Belt forms) of the set are shared between the two sets. All students studying in World Taekwondo (WT) Kukkiwon style must learn these forms, or taegeuk, to advance to a higher belt level. There are eight taegeuk forms, each one similar to the previous one, but each time with more complicated techniques to display the students' mastery of the techniques learned during lessons, as well as the ability to interconnect these techniques.

For more information on taekwondo patterns refer to Poomse 품새 Section »

Learn other taekwondo stances on the Stance ( 서기 sogi ) Section »

Practitioners must have their body weight correctly distributed during each different stance and during footwork. Each technique must be correctly aligned. Every technique must display the requisite speed, power and firmness to be realistically used as an attack or defense move.

Use in Demonstrations

To promote taekwondo for its emphasis on high kicking and fast hand techniques, taekwondo schools perform at tournaments, community events, shopping malls, parks, and tv shows. Demonstrations vary from school to school, but may include such elements as the execution of poomse ( 품새 poomse ), which combine various techniques in specific sequences; the breaking of boards to demonstrate the ability to use techniques with both power and control; sparring ( 겨루기 gyeorugi ) and self-defense ( 호신술 hosinsool ) to demonstrate the practical application and control of techniques; physical fitness usually with push-ups and sit-ups. For more information on Demonstrations »

The stance ( 서기 sogi ) is commonly used in demonstration activities such as when performing poomse ( 품새 poomse ) which is the foundation for the teaching of taekwondo. A poomse ( 품새 poomse ) is a series of movements linked together in a prescribed sequence which is significant to demonstrate. As such, every technique must display the requisite speed, power and firmness to be realistically used as an attack or defense move.

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Use in Warming-Up

A warm-up generally consists of a gradual increase in intensity in physical activity, joint mobility exercise, and stretching, followed by the activity. Warming-up brings the body to a condition at which it safely responds to nerve signals for quick and efficient action. For more information on Warming-Up »

In addition to being a stance ( 서기 sogi ) in itself, the stance ( 서기 sogi ) is an exercise used by many instructors to teach the principle of focusing, stretching, relaxing the muscles, increasing the range of motion and flexibility, something which is considered important in taekwondo. The result is a feeling of increased muscle control, flexibility and range of motion.

Dynamic stretching increases range of movement, blood and oxygen flow to soft tissues prior to exertion. Increasingly coaches and sports trainers are aware of the role in dynamic stretching in improving performance and reducing the risk of injury. Dynamic stretching works by the practitioner gently propelling their muscles towards their maximum range of motion.

In general, the practitioner wants to move (stretch) the muscle in a similar way that they are going to move them in a workout. For example a taekwondo practitioner who wants to stretch a hamstring ( 햄스트링 haemseuteuling ) for a kick ( 차기 chagi ) may swing a straight leg forward to gradually increase the height they can obtain. Doing light kicks, with little explosive acceleration, while gradually increasing height, could also be considered a dynamic stretch. For more information on Dynamic Stretching »

Risk of injury can be reduced by completing an effective warm-up consisting of a heart raiser to get your pulse up, followed by sport specific dynamic stretches (stretches whilst moving).

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Back Stance ( 뒷굽이 dwi-kubi )

Additional Resources

Taekwondo Stances ( 서기 sogi )

This book is available for download with Apple Books on your Mac or iOS device, and with iTunes on your computer. Book can be read with Apple Books on your Mac or iOS device.

The Korean martial arts taekwondo has several stances ( 서기 sogi ) used for different activities. Although there are strong similarities in stances ( 서기 sogi ) throughout taekwondo schools, individual instructors often have their own preferred style. These stances ( 서기 sogi ) are most commonly seen in taekwondo forms ( 품새 poomse ), and are critical for balance, precision, and good technique in the martial art.
View more information about Book »

TAEKWONDO STANCES ( 서기 sogi )
	Hangul 한글	Korean	Belt Requirement	Difficulty Level	Tutorial
Attention Stance	차렷	charyeot		Beginner Level	Tutorial »
Ready Stance	기본준비	junbi		Beginner Level	Tutorial »
Front Stance	앞굽이	ap-kubi		Beginner Level	Tutorial »
Horse Riding Stance	주춤서기	juchum-sogi		Beginner Level	Tutorial »
Two Fist Ready Posture	두주먹허리준비	dujumeok-heori-junbi		Beginner Level	Tutorial »
Fighting Stance	겨루기준비	gyeorugi-junbi		Beginner Level	Tutorial »
Walking Stance	앞서기	ap-sogi		Beginner Level	Tutorial »
Parallel Stance	나란히서기	naranhi-sogi		Beginner Level	Tutorial »
Inward Stance	안쫑서기	anjjong-sogi		Beginner Level	Tutorial »
At Ease Stance	편히서기	pyeoni-sogi		Beginner Level	Tutorial »
Back Stance	뒷굽이	dwi-kubi		Intermediate Level	Tutorial »
Side Stance	옆서기	yeop-sogi		Intermediate Level
Left Stance ”L” Shape	왼 서기	wen-sogi		Intermediate Level	Tutorial »
Right Stance ”L” Shape	오른 서기	oreun-sogi		Intermediate Level	Tutorial »
Cross Stance	꼬아서기	koa-sogi		Intermediate Level
Rear Cross Stance	뒤 꼬아서기	dwi-koa-sogi		Intermediate Level	Tutorial »
Covered Fist Posture	보주먹준비	bojumeok-junbi		Intermediate Level	Tutorial »
Tiger / Cat Stance	범서기	beom-sogi		Intermediate Level	Tutorial »
Forward Cross Stance	앞 꼬아서기	ap-koa-sogi		Intermediate Level	Tutorial »
‘ㅗ’ Shape Stance	‘ㅗ’ 자 서기	oja-sogi		Advanced Level
Log Pushing Hands Posture	통밀기준비	tongmilgi-junbi		Advanced Level	Tutorial »
Crane Stance	학다리서기	hakdari-sogi		Advanced Level	Tutorial »
Overlapped-Hand Posture	겹손준비	gyeopson-junbi		Advanced Level	Tutorial »
Inner Knee Stance	오금서기	ogum-sogi		Advanced Level	Tutorial »
Assisting Stance	곁다리서기	gyeotdari-sogi		Advanced Level	Tutorial »

Quiz

Question. In what year was the World Taekwondo Federation (WTF) officially established?

The World Taekwondo Federation is the International Federation [IF] governing the sport of Taekwondo and is a member of the Association of Summer Olympic International Federations [ASOIF]. The WTF was established at its inaugural meeting held at the Kukkiwon ( 국기원 ) with participation of 35 representatives from the world and until this day there is a total of 205 Member Nations. The World Taekwondo Federation (WTF) has renamed itself to World Taekwondo (WT) in 2017.

Question. What is the name of Taegeuk #3 in Korean?

Taegeuk 태극 (in World Taekwondo (WT)) refers to a set of poomse 품새 used to create a foundation for the teaching of taekwondo. A poomse or form is a detailed pattern of defense-and-attack motions and techniques used in traditional martial arts. Each taegeuk form symbolizes a specific state thought to be indicative of the belt the student currently holds, and is represented in World Taekwondo (WT) by trigrams similar to those found in the four corners of the South Korean flag.

Question. What is the korean terminology for Front Stance?

Front Stance is a precursor of the fighting stance ( 겨루기준비 gyeorugi-junbi ) according to some martial arts authors. Body should be relaxed in this stance ( 서기 sogi ) when performed in patterns ( 품새 poomse ) and self-defense ( 호신술 hosinsool ). Although the specifics of the stance vary by style, overall it is visually similar to a lunge, with the forward leg bent at the knee, and the rear leg straight, while the hips and shoulders remain squarely facing forward.

The korean martial arts taekwondo has several stances ( 서기 sogi ) used for different activities. Practitioners must have their body weight correctly distributed during each different stance and during footwork. Each technique must be correctly aligned. Although there are strong similarities in stances throughout taekwondo schools, individual instructors often have their own preferred style. For information View Taekwondo Stances ( 서기 sogi ) »