Taekwondo 태권도Taekwondo Preschool

When you reach senior belt you are expected to guide the junior belts when they are beginning Taekwondo such as showing by example. To advance from one rank to the next, students typically complete promotion tests in which they demonstrate their proficiency in the various aspects of the art before a panel of judges or their teacher. View Taekwondo belt levels »

Taekwondo Preschool Outside Wrist Pressing Block ( 바깥팔목 눌러막기 bakkatpalmok nulleo-makgi ) Palm Heel Pressing Block ( 바탕손 눌러막기 batangson-nulleo-makgi ) Outside Wrist Pressing Block ( 바깥팔목 눌러막기 bakkatpalmok nulleo-makgi ) Outside Wrist Pressing Block ( 바깥팔목 눌러막기 bakkatpalmok nulleo-makgi )

Pressing Block

눌러막기 nulleo-makgi

 



Difficulty Level:  Intermediate      Technique: Blocks ( 막기 makgi )

A standard block ( 막기 makgi ) used to deflect incoming kicks and punches. The hand is raised up to shoulder height and thrust directly down to meet the attackers hand or limb. Various methods can be used such as the outside wrist ( 바깥팔목 bakkatpalmok ), palm heel ( 바탕손 batangson ), hand blade ( 손날 sonnal ), and etc. In the case of using the outside wrist area to block ( 막기 makgi ) the attack it is called Outside Wrist Pressing Block ( 바깥팔목 눌러막기 bakkatpalmok-nulleo-makgi ). Although simple, it requires a lot of partner training to get the timing of this taekwondo block ( 막기 makgi ) correct.

Variations of Pressing Block ( 눌러막기 nulleo-makgi )

Training Methods

How well one improves with training depends on several factors, such as the frequency it is engaged in, and the type of feedback that is available for improvement. If a student does not train often enough, reinforcement fades, and he or she is likely to forget what was learned.

When learning the block ( 막기 makgi ), it is helpful to use mirrors to observe your technique and fix your mistakes immediately. Initially, a student may need focused feedback from a certified Master Instructor ( 사범님 sabeomnim ); however, as they progress, they must develop the ability to self-assess the block ( 막기 makgi ).

The technique is also learned by blocking in the air as though there is an opponent striking but focusing on the form, speed, and technique; then moving on to partner training (self-defence scenarios, sparring practices, one-step sparring, etc) reinforcing the block ( 막기 makgi ) on a realistic moving attack.

In preparation for full contact sparring, students may be required to wait a few months, for safety reasons, because they must first build the skills they would ideally employ in their sparring practice. Some schools restrict the amount of force that may be used to hit an opponent, by allowing 'light contact' during sparring. Light contact allows a student to hit an opponent getting the feel of impacting the opponent but with controlled force and not full power. Light contact sparring is a good method to practice the block ( 막기 makgi ).

Difficulty of Technique

Taekwondo students of geup ranking learn the most basic techniques first, and then move on to more advanced and difficult techniques as they approach 1st Dan Black Belt. The more difficult the technique, the more practice may be needed for the purpose of improving or mastering it, as in the phrase 'practice makes perfect'. Every technique must display the requisite speed, balance, power and firmness to be realistically used as an attack or defense move.

65% Difficulty
Up to 75% Difficulty

* Please see a certified Master Instructor ( 사범님 sabeomnim ) for training. Proper guidance and instructions are needed to ensure safe training.

Promotion Tests

Students often undergo periodic testing and grading by their own Master Instructor ( 사범님 sabeomnim ) in order to advance to a higher level of recognized achievement such as a different belt color. They need to demonstrate their proficiency in the various aspects of the art such as the execution of patterns ( 품새 poomse ), which combine various techniques in specific sequences.

Pressing Block ( 눌러막기 nulleo-makgi ) is a requirement for the below belt levels (Techniques vary between schools). Promotion from one belt level to the next can proceed rapidly in some schools, since schools often allow geup promotions every two, three, or four months. Students of geup rank learn the most basic techniques first, and then move on to more advanced techniques as they approach first dan black belt. View Promotion Tests »

Green Belt Test Blue Stripe Belt Test Blue Belt Test
Palm Heel Pressing Block ( 바탕손 눌러막기 batangson-nulleo-makgi )

Blocking Surface

Various surfaces of the body may be engaged as the blocking surface depending on which area of the body is being targeted. This leads to a large array of blocking positions. For more information on Impact Surface Areas »

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Technique Injuries

Collisions with the ground, objects, and other taekwondo practitioners are common, and unexpected dynamic forces on limbs and joints can cause injury. Taekwondo injuries can also occur in techniques if done improperly or from overuse of a particular body part. Taking a break from training or reducing the volume and the intensity of the training will allow the body to recover. For more information on Injuries »

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Some Technique(s) to Block Against

Blocking ( 막기 makgi ) is the act of stopping or deflecting an opponent's attack for the purpose of preventing injurious contact with the body in either sparring ( 겨루기 gyeorugi ) or for self-defense ( 호신술 hosinsool ) applications. Experienced practitioners learn through repetition and muscle memory when (not just how) to launch particular blocks ( 막기 makgi ), based on the circumstances they are facing.

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Some Stance(s) ( 서기 sogi ) used with this Block ( 막기 makgi )

An example of the union of mental and physical discipline is the combination of stance ( 서기 sogi ), footwork ( 딛기 ditgi ), and technique (either with kick, block and/or strike), which requires both physical mastery of the technique and the concentration to focus one's power. Experienced practitioners learn through repetition and muscle memory when (not just how) to launch particular techniques, based on the circumstances they are facing.

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Back Stance ( 뒷굽이 dwi-kubi )


Back Stance ( 뒷굽이 dwi-kubi ) Back Stance ( 뒷굽이 dwi-kubi )

This stance ( 서기 sogi ) is specifically focused on shifting weight to the back leg, as it offers much more control, and makes it easier to kick off the front leg. To perform the Back Stance ( 뒷굽이 dwi-kubi ), the body faces to the side, with the front foot facing forward and the front leg bent. The back leg is bent slightly and the foot is turned outwards perpendicular to the front foot making the letter "L" for this stance ( 서기 sogi ). When learning the Back Stance ( 뒷굽이 dwi-kubi ), it is helpful to use a mirror. For more information View Back Stance ( 뒷굽이 dwi-kubi ) »

Hangul 한글 Korean Belt Requirement Difficulty Level Tutorial
Attention Stance 차렷 charyeot White Belt Test Yellow Strip test Beginner Level Tutorial »
Ready Stance 기본준비 junbi White Belt Test Yellow Strip test Beginner Level Tutorial »
Front Stance 앞굽이 ap-kubi White Belt Test Yellow Strip test Beginner Level Tutorial »
Walking Stance 앞서기 ap-sogi Yellow Strip test Yellow Belt Test Beginner Level Tutorial »
Parallel Stance 나란히서기 naranhi-sogi Yellow Strip test Yellow Belt Test Beginner Level Tutorial »
Inward Stance 안쫑서기 anjjong-sogi Yellow Belt Test Green Strip Belt Test Beginner Level Tutorial »
At Ease Stance 편히서기 pyeoni-sogi Yellow Belt Test Green Strip Belt Test Beginner Level Tutorial »
Back Stance 뒷굽이 dwi-kubi Green Strip Belt Test Green Belt Test Blue Strip Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »

RESOURCES
This article uses material from the Wikipedia article "Taekwondo Stances" which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Pressing Block ( 눌러막기 nulleo-makgi )

Use in Sparring ( 겨루기 gyeorugi )

Under World Taekwondo (WT) and Olympic rules, sparring is a full-contact event and takes place between two competitors in an area measuring 8 meters square. A win can occur by points, or if one competitor is unable to continue (knockout) the other competitor wins. Points are awarded for permitted, accurate, and powerful techniques to the legal scoring areas; light contact does not score any points. For more information on World Taekwondo (WT) Tournament Sparring » World Taekwondo (WT)

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Use in Self-Defense ( 호신술 hosinsool ) Applications

Self-Defense is to protect yourself from being attacked from would-be aggressors. It is a countermeasure that involves defending the health and well-being of oneself from harm and is designed primarily to cause injury or quickly incapacitate an attacker, in addition to being a deterrent against them. Attackers are typically larger, stronger, and are often armed or have an accomplice. With proper execution attackers may be incapacitated with a single blow, which lessens the number of attacks with multiple people. For more information on Self-Defense ( 호신술 hosinsool ) »

Each technique must be correctly timed and aligned in order to defend effectively. Taekwondo practitioners must have their body weight correctly distributed during the stance ( 서기 sogi ) including proper footwork ( 딛기 ditgi ). The block ( 막기 makgi ) is performed during Self-Defense ( 호신술 hosinsool ) scenarios.

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Use in One-Step Sparring

One-Step Sparring is performed with a partner in which predefined movements are practiced. One student is the attacker while the other student responds with defenses, counterattacks, and/or other actions, based on part of the predefined movements. For more information on One-Step Sparring »

The block ( 막기 makgi ) is featured during One-Step Sparring practice. Fundamentally, taekwondo One-Step Sparring is one of the learning grounds for real combat. As such, every technique including stance ( 서기 sogi ) must display the requisite speed, power and firmness to be realistically used as an attack or defense move. One-Step Sparring varies between schools.

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Pressing Block ( 눌러막기 nulleo-makgi )

Use in Patterns ( 품새 poomse )

Poomse is the foundation for the teaching of taekwondo. A poomse or form is a detailed pattern of defense-and-attack motions and techniques used in traditional martial arts. Poomse is useful in developing proper kinetics, mental and physical fortitude.

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Most Kukkiwon 국기원 schools will use the poomse taegeuk whereas a few schools will use the poomse palgwe. The meanings, trigrams and symbols are shared by both poomse taegeuk and poomse palgwe, however the sequence of movements is different. The first 8 forms of the set of poomse differ from each other, whereas the last 9 forms (Black Belt forms) of the set are shared between the two sets. All students studying in World Taekwondo (WT) Kukkiwon style must learn these forms, or taegeuk, to advance to a higher belt level. There are eight taegeuk forms, each one similar to the previous one, but each time with more complicated techniques to display the students' mastery of the techniques learned during lessons, as well as the ability to interconnect these techniques.

For more information on taekwondo patterns refer to Poomse 품새 Section »

Learn other taekwondo blocks on the  Main Blocking ( 막기 makgi ) Section »

Use in Demonstrations

To promote taekwondo for its emphasis on high kicking and fast hand techniques, taekwondo schools perform at tournaments, community events, shopping malls, parks, and tv shows. Demonstrations vary from school to school, but may include such elements as the execution of poomse ( 품새 poomse ), which combine various techniques in specific sequences; the breaking of boards to demonstrate the ability to use techniques with both power and control; sparring ( 겨루기 gyeorugi ) and self-defense ( 호신술 hosinsool ) to demonstrate the practical application and control of techniques; physical fitness usually with push-ups and sit-ups. For more information on Demonstrations »

The block ( 막기 makgi ) is commonly used in demonstration activities such as when performing poomse ( 품새 poomse ) which is the foundation for the teaching of taekwondo. A poomse ( 품새 poomse ) is a series of movements linked together in a prescribed sequence which is significant to demonstrate. As such, every technique must display the requisite speed, power and firmness to be realistically used as an attack or defense move.

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Use in Warming-Up

A warm-up generally consists of a gradual increase in intensity in physical activity, joint mobility exercise, and stretching, followed by the activity. Warming-up brings the body to a condition at which it safely responds to nerve signals for quick and efficient action. For more information on Warming-Up »

In addition to being a block ( 막기 makgi ) in itself, the block ( 막기 makgi ) is an exercise used by many instructors to teach the principle of focusing, stretching, relaxing the muscles, increasing the range of motion and flexibility, something which is considered important in taekwondo. The result is a feeling of increased muscle control, flexibility and range of motion.

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Pressing Block ( 눌러막기 nulleo-makgi )
Palm Heel Pressing Block ( 바탕손 눌러막기 batangson-nulleo-makgi ) Outside Wrist Pressing Block ( 바깥팔목 눌러막기 bakkatpalmok nulleo-makgi )
Taekwondo Highlights Summary

Training Highlights Summary


The Pressing Block ( 눌러막기 nulleo-makgi ) contains many key point highlights. There are some that are simple and straightforward but then some are complex and detailed that require repeated training to learn and master.

  • open the hand ( 손 son ) and use the 'bottom of the palm' or ‘palm heel’ ( 바탕손 batangson ) to block ( 막기 makgi ) the trunk area
  • open hand is raised up to shoulder height and thrust directly down
  • heel of the hand ( 바탕손 batangson ) makes contact with the attacker’s forearm in case of a punch ( 지르기 jireugi )
  • requires a lot of partner training to get the timing of this taekwondo block ( 막기 makgi ) correct

Precision of Blocking ( 막기 makgi ) Technique

Depending on the strike, one may block ( 막기 makgi ) an attack most commonly by placing a limb across the line of the attack. Some techniques can block and deflect an attack with more precision which allows an effective counterstrike. The below is an approximate measurement of how precise the block requires from the practitioner to be effective.


80% Precision

Experienced practitioners learn through repetition and muscle memory when (not just how) to launch particular blocks ( 막기 makgi ), based on the circumstances they are facing.

* Please see a certified Master Instructor ( 사범님 sabeomnim ) for training. Proper guidance and instructions are needed to ensure safe training.

Additional Resources

Taekwondo Blocks ( 막기 makgi )

Taekwondo Blocks ( 막기 makgi ) Apple Books

This book is available for download with Apple Books on your Mac or iOS device, and with iTunes on your computer. Book can be read with Apple Books on your Mac or iOS device.

In taekwondo and other martial arts, blocking ( 막기 makgi ) is the act of stopping or deflecting an opponent's attack for the purpose of preventing injurious contact with the body. A block ( 막기 makgi ) usually consists of placing a limb across the line of the attack. Blocks ( 막기 makgi ) are considered by some to be the most direct and least subtle of defensive techniques.
View more information about Book »

TAEKWONDO BLOCKS ( 막기 makgi )

Hangul 한글 Korean Belt Requirement Difficulty Level Tutorial
Low Block 아래막기 arae-makgi White Belt Test Yellow Stripe test Yellow Belt Test Beginner Level Tutorial »
Middle Block 몸통막기 momtong-makgi White Belt Test Yellow Stripe test Yellow Belt Test Beginner Level Tutorial »
High Block 올려막기 olgul-makgi White Belt Test Yellow Stripe test Yellow Belt Test Beginner Level Tutorial »
Inner Wrist Outer Block 안팔목 바깥막기 anpalmok-bakkat-makgi Green Stripe Belt Test Green Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Single Knife Hand Outward Block 한손날 바깥막기 hansonnal-bakkat-makgi Green Stripe Belt Test Green Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Low Side Block 아래 옆막기 arae-yeop-makgi Green Stripe Belt Test Green Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Hand Blade Low Block 한손날 아래막기 sonnal-arae-makgi Green Stripe Belt Test Green Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Supported Hand Blade Block 손날 거들어 바깥막기 sonnal-kodureo-makgi Green Belt Test Blue Stripe Belt Test Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Pressing Block 눌러막기 nulleo-makgi Green Belt Test Blue Stripe Belt Test Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Palm Heel Pressing Block 바탕손 눌러막기 batangson-nulleo-makgi Green Belt Test Blue Stripe Belt Test Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Outside Wrist Pressing Block 바깥팔목 눌러막기 bakkatpalmok-nulleo-makgi Green Belt Test Blue Stripe Belt Test Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Outside Block 바깥막기 bakkat-makgi Green Belt Test Blue Stripe Belt Test Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
High Outside Block 올려 바깥막기 olgul-bakkat-makgi Blue Stripe Belt Test Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Trunk Push Low Block 아래 헤쳐막기 arae-hecho-makgi Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Cross Block 엇걸어막기 otgoreo-makgi Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Low Cross Blocking 아래 엇걸어막기 arae-otgoreo-makgi Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
High Cross Blocking 올려 엇걸어막기 olgul-otgoreo-makgi Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Hand Blade High Cross Block 손날 엇걸어막기 sonnal-olgul-otgoreo-makgi Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Inward Knife Hand Block 손날 안막기 sonnal-an-makgi Blue Belt Test Red Stripe Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Palm Heel Inward Block 바탕손 안막기 batangson-an-makgi Blue Belt Test Red Stripe Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Supported Downward Hand Blade Block 손날 거들어 내려막기 sonnal-kodureo-naeryeo-makgi Blue Belt Test Red Stripe Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Hand Blade Twisting Outward Block 손날 비틀어 바깥막기 sonnal-bakkat-bitureo-makgi Blue Belt Test Red Stripe Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Palm Heel Assisted Block 바탕손 거들어 몸통막기 batangson-kodureo-momtong-makgi Red Stripe Belt Test Red Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Trunk Push Double Block 헤쳐막기 hecho-makgi Red Stripe Belt Test Red Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Outside Wrist Double Block 바깥팔목 헤쳐막기 bakkat-palmok-hecho-makgi Red Stripe Belt Test Red Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Inside Wrist Double Block 안팔목 헤쳐막기 anpalmok-hecho-makgi Red Stripe Belt Test Red Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Side Block 옆막기 yeop-makgi Red Stripe Belt Test Red Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Inside Wrist Side Block 안팔목 옆막기 anpalmok-yeop-makgi Red Stripe Belt Test Red Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Outside Wrist Side Block 바깥팔목 옆막기 bakkat-palmok-yeop-makgi Red Stripe Belt Test Red Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Hand Blade Side Block 손날 옆막기 sonnal-yeop-makgi Red Stripe Belt Test Red Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Scissors Blocking 가위막기 kawi-makgi Red Stripe Belt Test Red Belt Test Black Stripe Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Supported Trunk Block 거들어막기 momtong-kodureo-makgi Red Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Outside Wrist Supporting Outward Block 바깥팔목 거들어 바깥막기 bakkatpalmok-kodureo-bakkat-makgi Red Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Supported Downward Block 거들어 내려막기 kodureo-naeryeo-makgi Red Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Hand Blade Double Block 손날 헤쳐막기 sonnal-hecho-makgi Red Belt Test Black Stripe Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Single Hand Wide Open Block 외산틀막기 wesanteul-makgi Red Belt Test Black Stripe Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Wide Open Mountain Block 산틀막기 santeul-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Diamond Blocking 금강막기 keumgang-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Keumgang Downward Side Block 금강 내려 옆 막기 keumgang-naeryeo-yeop-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level
Keumgang Outward Block 금강 바깥막기 keumgang-bakkat-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level
Hand Blade Diamond Downward Side Block 손날 금강 내려 옆 막기 sonnal-keumgang-naeryeo-yeop-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level
Hand Blade Diamond Outward Block 손날 금강 바깥막기 sonnal-keumgang-bakkat-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level
Bent Wrist Outward Block 굽힌손목 바깥막기 gupinsonmok-bakkat-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Bull Horn Blocking 황소막기 hwangso-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Ridgehand Outward Block 손날등 바깥막기 sonnal-deung-bakkat-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Ridgehand Side Block 손날등 옆막기 sonnal-deung-yeop-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Ridgehand Double Block 손날등 헤쳐막기 sonnal-deung-hecho-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Ridgehand Supported Downward Block 손날등 거들어 내려막기 sonnal-deung-kodureo-naeryeo-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Inner Wrist Supporting Side Block 안팔목 거들어 옆막기 anpalmok-kodureo-yeop-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Inner Wrist Supporting Outward Block 안팔목 거들어 바깥막기 anpalmok-kodureo-bakkat-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Palm Assisting Outer Block 손바닥 거들어 바깥막기 sonbadak-kodureo-bakkat-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Target Block 표적 막기 pyojeok-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Underneath Target Block 아래 표적 막기 arae-pyojeok-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Kicking Block 차막기 cha-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Outward Kicking Block 바깥 차막기 bakkat-cha-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Inward Kicking Block 안 차막기 an-cha-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Front Kicking Block 앞 차막기 ap-cha-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Side Kicking Block 옆 차막기 yeop-cha-makgi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »

 

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Taekwondo Quiz Questions
Quiz

Question. What is the korean terminology for Blocking?

In martial arts, blocking is the act of stopping or deflecting an opponent's attack for the purpose of preventing injurious contact with the body. A block usually consists of placing a limb across the line of the attack. Blocks are considered by some to be the most direct and least subtle of defensive techniques.



Question. What is the name of Taegeuk #4 in Korean?

Taegeuk 태극 (in World Taekwondo (WT)) refers to a set of poomse 품새 used to create a foundation for the teaching of taekwondo. A poomse or form is a detailed pattern of defense-and-attack motions and techniques used in traditional martial arts. Each taegeuk form symbolizes a specific state thought to be indicative of the belt the student currently holds, and is represented in World Taekwondo (WT) by trigrams similar to those found in the four corners of the South Korean flag.



Question. What is the korean terminology for Back Stance?

Back Stance is specifically focused on shifting weight to the back leg, as it offers much more control, and makes it easier to kick off the front leg. To perform the stance ( 서기 sogi ), the body faces to the side, with the front foot facing forward and the front leg bent. The back leg is bent slightly and the foot is turned outwards perpendicular to the front foot making the letter "L" for this stance ( 서기 sogi ).

 

Taekwondo Blocks ( 막기 makgi ) Taekwondo Blocks ( 막기 makgi )
Related Information

In martial arts, blocking ( 막기 makgi ) is the act of stopping or deflecting an opponent's attack for the purpose of preventing injurious contact with the body. A block ( 막기 makgi ) usually consists of placing a limb across the line of the attack. Blocks ( 막기 makgi ) are considered by some to be the most direct and least subtle of defensive techniques. Other ways of avoiding attack include evasion, trapping, slipping and deflection of the oncoming attack; this approach is often referred to as the application of 'soft' techniques.

View all taekwondo blocks on the Blocks ( 막기 makgi ) Main Section »

There are five tenets defined in the International Taekwondo Federation (ITF) and several more in World Taekwondo (WT).

Integrity ( 염치 yeom-chi ): "Although it may be similar, this form of integrity takes on a more wider role then defined in the common dictionary. In taekwondo, integrity means not only to determine what is right or wrong but also having the conscience to feel guilt if one has done wrong and to have the integrity stand up for what is right." View Taekwondo Tenets »

RESOURCES
This article uses material from the Wikipedia article "List of Taekwondo Techniques", which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

 

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