Taekwondo 태권도Taekwondo Preschool

When you reach senior belt you are expected to guide the junior belts when they are beginning Taekwondo such as showing by example. To advance from one rank to the next, students typically complete promotion tests in which they demonstrate their proficiency in the various aspects of the art before a panel of judges or their teacher. View Taekwondo belt levels »

Taekwondo Preschool Jab Strike Jab Strike Jab Strike

Jab

 




Difficulty Level:  Beginner      Technique: Strikes ( 지르기 jireugi )

The jab is a straight blow delivered generally from a distance, with the arm above the lead foot. The technique is quick and explosive, surprising an opponent. The jab is accompanied by a small, rotation of the torso and hips, while the fist rotates 90 degrees, becoming horizontal upon impact. As the punch reaches full extension, the lead shoulder can be brought up to guard the chin. The rear hand remains next to the face to guard the jaw. After making contact with the target, the lead hand is retracted quickly to resume a guard position in front of the face.

Most often, it is generally used for distraction, keeping distance, setting up, and defense. The jab strike is a great deception technique while sparring. Strikers use feints or distractions to disguise the timing or direction of their attacks. Using feints, then attacking at multiple levels and with various techniques may help deceive the opponent, defeating their guard.

Strikes should generally be thrown with some measure of shifting body weight supporting the blow, as opposed to just the striking with the elbow. Strikes should aim for a point 4–6 inches (10–15 cm) behind the target surface, to impart the most energy into the target. The striker in combat should attempt to strike through the target area, not just contact the surface.

The wrist must also be kept in proper alignment during a jab strike. If the wrist bends on impact, it can easily be sprained, dislocated or broken.

Training Methods

How well one improves with training depends on several factors, such as the frequency it is engaged in, and the type of feedback that is available for improvement. If a student does not train often enough, reinforcement fades, and he or she is likely to forget what was learned.

During training, taekwondo practitioners may use various equipment and gear for practicing the strike. Taekwondo extensively uses the heavy bag for developing power and endurance. Powerful strikes to the heavy bag aren't recommended for inexperienced, or younger athletes, as risk of sprain, strain, or bone plate damage may adversely affect bone structures. It is highly recommended to carefully focus strikes to reduce chance of injury.

The strike is best learned initially striking at the air as though there is an opponent but focusing on the form, speed, and technique; then moving on to soft surfaces striking punch mitts and target pads. Large heavy bags are used more for strength and endurance, while smaller targets such as punch mitts and target pads focus on faster hand speed, timing and coordination. Target pads are useful for training mobility and accuracy on a moving target.

Also a chest protector ( 호구 hogu ) worn by a partner can be used as a stationary or moving target which is useful for getting the feel of impacting the opponent. The chest protector ( 호구 hogu ) is the armor worn by practitioners of taekwondo during sparring ( 겨루기 gyeorugi ).

Difficulty of Technique

Taekwondo students of geup ranking learn the most basic techniques first, and then move on to more advanced and difficult techniques as they approach 1st Dan Black Belt. The more difficult the technique, the more practice may be needed for the purpose of improving or mastering it, as in the phrase 'practice makes perfect'. Every technique must display the requisite speed, balance, power and firmness to be realistically used as an attack or defense move.

50% Difficulty
Up to 70% Difficulty

* Please see a certified Master Instructor ( 사범님 sabeomnim ) for training. Proper guidance and instructions are needed to ensure safe training.

Promotion Tests

Students often undergo periodic testing and grading by their own Master Instructor ( 사범님 sabeomnim ) in order to advance to a higher level of recognized achievement such as a different belt color. They need to demonstrate their proficiency in the various aspects of the art such as the execution of patterns ( 품새 poomse ), which combine various techniques in specific sequences.

Jab is a requirement for the below belt levels (Techniques vary between schools). Promotion from one belt level to the next can proceed rapidly in some schools, since schools often allow geup promotions every two, three, or four months. Students of geup rank learn the most basic techniques first, and then move on to more advanced techniques as they approach first dan black belt. View Promotion Tests »

 

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Taekwondo Preschool Did you know?
Did you know?

Taekwondo Olympic Demonstration Sport

South Korea Flag

Taekwondo made its first appearance at the Summer Olympic Games as a demonstration sport at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. The opening ceremony featured a mass demonstration of taekwondo with hundreds of adults and children performing moves in unison. Taekwondo was again a demonstration sport at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. For more information View Taekwondo Olympic Demonstration Sport »

Year Date Flag City Host Country
1992 July 25 - August 9 Spain Flag Barcelona Spain
1988 September 17 - Oct 2 South Korea Flag Seoul South Korea

RESOURCES
This article uses material from the Wikipedia article "Taekwondo at the Summer Olympics" which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Jab

Striking Surface

Various surfaces of the hand may be engaged as the striking surface depending on which area of the opponents body which is being targeted. This leads to a large array of hand positions. For more information on Impact Surface Areas »

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Suitable Targets

Experienced strikers learn through repetition and muscle memory when (not just how) to launch particular strikes, based on the circumstances they are facing. Focus helps in achieving proper penetration and in maximizing the damage at the point of impact to the area of the opponents body which is being targeted. For more information on Impact Surface Areas »

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Technique Injuries

Collisions with the ground, objects, and other taekwondo practitioners are common, and unexpected dynamic forces on limbs and joints can cause injury. Taekwondo injuries can also occur in techniques if done improperly or from overuse of a particular body part. Taking a break from training or reducing the volume and the intensity of the training will allow the body to recover. For more information on Injuries »

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Some Combination Techniques after the Strike

After striking with the technique, the taekwondo practitioner may immediately combination strike again to the opponent with a kick ( 차기 chagi ) or punch ( 지르기 jireugi ). When the opponent is being attacked, they may be vulnerable recovering from the initial blow, strategic positioning by the attacker to gain advantage, imbalance by defender, and many more factors. Practitioners may combine techniques in a series to ensure one or more strikes impact their opponents.

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Some Stance(s) ( 서기 sogi ) used with the Strike

An example of the union of mental and physical discipline is the combination of stance ( 서기 sogi ), footwork ( 딛기 ditgi ), and technique (either with kick, block and/or strike), which requires both physical mastery of the technique and the concentration to focus one's power. Experienced practitioners learn through repetition and muscle memory when (not just how) to launch particular techniques, based on the circumstances they are facing.

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Jab

Use in Sparring ( 겨루기 gyeorugi )

Under World Taekwondo (WT) and Olympic rules, sparring is a full-contact event and takes place between two competitors in an area measuring 8 meters square. A win can occur by points, or if one competitor is unable to continue (knockout) the other competitor wins. Points are awarded for permitted, accurate, and powerful techniques to the legal scoring areas; light contact does not score any points. For more information on World Taekwondo (WT) Tournament Sparring » World Taekwondo (WT)

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Use in Self-Defense ( 호신술 hosinsool ) Applications

Self-Defense is to protect yourself from being attacked from would-be aggressors. It is a countermeasure that involves defending the health and well-being of oneself from harm and is designed primarily to cause injury or quickly incapacitate an attacker, in addition to being a deterrent against them. Attackers are typically larger, stronger, and are often armed or have an accomplice. With proper execution attackers may be incapacitated with a single blow, which lessens the number of attacks with multiple people. For more information on Self-Defense ( 호신술 hosinsool ) »

Each technique must be correctly timed and aligned in order to defend effectively. Practitioners must have their body weight correctly distributed during the stance ( 서기 sogi ) including proper footwork ( 딛기 ditgi ). The strike is commonly performed during Self-Defense ( 호신술 hosinsool ) scenarios.

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Use in One-Step Sparring

One-Step Sparring is performed with a partner in which predefined movements are practiced. One student is the attacker while the other student responds with defenses, counterattacks, and/or other actions, based on part of the predefined movements. For more information on One-Step Sparring »

The strike is commonly featured during One-Step Sparring practice. Fundamentally, taekwondo One-Step Sparring is one of the learning grounds for real combat. As such, every technique including stance ( 서기 sogi ) must display the requisite speed, power and firmness to be realistically used as an attack or defense move. One-Step Sparring varies between schools.

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Use in Breaking ( 격파 gyeokpa )

The discipline of destroying inanimate objects such as wooden boards, baseball bats, ice blocks or cement bricks and is a feature common to martial arts including taekwondo. A single board or stack of boards may be broken or, alternatively, a series of boards may be broken in a pre-set sequence utilizing a variety of strikes. Advanced competitors may even break several boards in a single jump with multiple kicks before landing. For more information on Breaking ( 격파 gyeokpa ) »

In use, the strike is featured during Breaking ( 격파 gyeokpa ) events. General qualities that judges look for in any taekwondo practitioner include proper breathing technique and body control. The diaphragm must be engaged in deep breathing, shallow breathing concentrated in the upper abdomen results in raised shoulders and stressed muscles. Breaking ( 격파 gyeokpa ) varies between schools.

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Jab

Use in Patterns ( 품새 poomse )

Poomse is the foundation for the teaching of taekwondo. A poomse or form is a detailed pattern of defense-and-attack motions and techniques used in traditional martial arts. Poomse is useful in developing proper kinetics, mental and physical fortitude.

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Most Kukkiwon 국기원 schools will use the poomse taegeuk whereas a few schools will use the poomse palgwe. The meanings, trigrams and symbols are shared by both poomse taegeuk and poomse palgwe, however the sequence of movements is different. The first 8 forms of the set of poomse differ from each other, whereas the last 9 forms (Black Belt forms) of the set are shared between the two sets. All students studying in World Taekwondo (WT) Kukkiwon style must learn these forms, or taegeuk, to advance to a higher belt level. There are eight taegeuk forms, each one similar to the previous one, but each time with more complicated techniques to display the students' mastery of the techniques learned during lessons, as well as the ability to interconnect these techniques.

For more information on taekwondo patterns refer to Poomse 품새 Section »

Learn other taekwondo strikes on the  Main Strikes Section »

Use in Demonstrations

To promote taekwondo for its emphasis on high kicking and fast hand techniques, taekwondo schools perform at tournaments, community events, shopping malls, parks, and tv shows. Demonstrations vary from school to school, but may include such elements as the execution of poomse ( 품새 poomse ), which combine various techniques in specific sequences; the breaking of boards to demonstrate the ability to use techniques with both power and control; sparring ( 겨루기 gyeorugi ) and self-defense ( 호신술 hosinsool ) to demonstrate the practical application and control of techniques; physical fitness usually with push-ups and sit-ups. For more information on Demonstrations »

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Use in Warming-Up

A warm-up generally consists of a gradual increase in intensity in physical activity, joint mobility exercise, and stretching, followed by the activity. Warming-up brings the body to a condition at which it safely responds to nerve signals for quick and efficient action. For more information on Warming-Up »

In addition to being a strike in itself, the strike is an exercise used by many instructors to teach the principle of focusing, stretching, relaxing the muscles, increasing the range of motion and flexibility, something which is considered important in taekwondo. The result is a feeling of increased muscle control, flexibility and range of motion.

Dynamic stretching increases range of movement, blood and oxygen flow to soft tissues prior to exertion. Increasingly coaches and sports trainers are aware of the role in dynamic stretching in improving performance and reducing the risk of injury. Dynamic stretching works by the practitioner gently propelling their muscles towards their maximum range of motion.

In general, the practitioner wants to move (stretch) the muscle in a similar way that they are going to move them in a workout. For example a taekwondo practitioner who wants to stretch a hamstring ( 햄스트링 haemseuteuling ) for a kick ( 차기 chagi ) may swing a straight leg forward to gradually increase the height they can obtain. Doing light kicks, with little explosive acceleration, while gradually increasing height, could also be considered a dynamic stretch. For more information on Dynamic Stretching »

Risk of injury can be reduced by completing an effective warm-up consisting of a heart raiser to get your pulse up, followed by sport specific dynamic stretches (stretches whilst moving).

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Jab
Jab Strike Jab Strike Jab Strike
Taekwondo Highlights Summary

Training Highlights Summary


The Strike contains many key point highlights. There are some that are simple and straightforward but then some are complex and detailed that require repeated training to learn and master.

  • generally be thrown with some measure of shifting body weight supporting the blow
  • should aim for a point 4–6 inches (10–15 cm) behind the target surface
  • wrist must also be kept in proper alignment during a fist strike
  • strikers generally exhale as the strike nears the target

Strength Requirement of the Technique

Most strikes should generally be thrown with some measure of shifting body weight supporting the blow. The striker in combat should attempt to strike through the target area, not just contact the surface. Some strikes do not need as much strength as they target vulnerable areas such as the eyes ( 눈 nun ), neck ( 목 mok ) or sternum ( 흉골 hyung-gol ). The below is an approximate measurement of how much strength the strike requires from the practitioner to be effective.


50% Strength
Up to 75% Strength

Precision of Striking Technique

With proper execution opponents may be incapacitated with a single striking blow, which lessens the number of further strikes. Some techniques can strike with more precision which will often cripple or knockout the opponent. The below is an approximate measurement of how precise the strike requires from the practitioner to be effective.


65% Precision

Experienced practitioners learn through repetition and muscle memory when (not just how) to launch particular strikes, based on the circumstances they are facing.

* Please see a certified Master Instructor ( 사범님 sabeomnim ) for training. Proper guidance and instructions are needed to ensure safe training.

 

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Taekwondo Quiz Questions
Quiz

Question. What is the korean terminology for Blocking?

In martial arts, blocking is the act of stopping or deflecting an opponent's attack for the purpose of preventing injurious contact with the body. A block usually consists of placing a limb across the line of the attack. Blocks are considered by some to be the most direct and least subtle of defensive techniques.



Question. What is the name of Taegeuk #4 in Korean?

Taegeuk 태극 (in World Taekwondo (WT)) refers to a set of poomse 품새 used to create a foundation for the teaching of taekwondo. A poomse or form is a detailed pattern of defense-and-attack motions and techniques used in traditional martial arts. Each taegeuk form symbolizes a specific state thought to be indicative of the belt the student currently holds, and is represented in World Taekwondo (WT) by trigrams similar to those found in the four corners of the South Korean flag.



Question. What is the korean terminology for Back Stance?

Back Stance is specifically focused on shifting weight to the back leg, as it offers much more control, and makes it easier to kick off the front leg. To perform the stance ( 서기 sogi ), the body faces to the side, with the front foot facing forward and the front leg bent. The back leg is bent slightly and the foot is turned outwards perpendicular to the front foot making the letter "L" for this stance ( 서기 sogi ).

 

Additional Resources

Taekwondo Strikes ( 지르기 jireugi )

Taekwondo Strikes ( 지르기 jireugi ) Apple Books

This book is available for download with Apple Books on your Mac or iOS device, and with iTunes on your computer. Book can be read with Apple Books on your Mac or iOS device.

Taekwondo hand strikes are performed as a close distance alternative to kicks ( 차기 chagi ). They are executed in a number of ways - from standing, jumping, spinning and rushing forwards. Hand strikes make up fast combinations of strikes which can leave an opponent stunned and unable to defend himself most commonly in self defense ( 호신술 hosinsool ) applications. Muscles should only be tensed at the moment of imaginary impact in order to commute maximum power to any individual taekwondo technique.
View more information about Book »

TAEKWONDO STRIKES

Hangul 한글 Korean Belt Requirement Difficulty Level Tutorial
Fist Punch 주먹 지르기 jumeok-jireugi White Belt Test Yellow Strip test Beginner Level Tutorial »
Middle Punch 몸통 지르기 momtong-jireugi White Belt Test Yellow Strip test Beginner Level Tutorial »
Front Hand Middle Punch 몸통 반대 지르기 momtong-bandae-jireugi White Belt Test Yellow Strip test Beginner Level Tutorial »
Low Punch 아래 지르기 arae-jireugi Yellow Strip test Yellow Belt Test Beginner Level Tutorial »
High Punch 올려 지르기 olgul-jireugi Yellow Strip test Yellow Belt Test Beginner Level Tutorial »
Rear Hand Middle Punch 몸통 바로 지르기 momtong-baro-jireugi Yellow Strip test Yellow Belt Test Beginner Level Tutorial »
Double Punch 몸통 두번 지르기 dubeon-jireugi Yellow Belt Test Green Stripe Belt Test Beginner Level Tutorial »
Knife Hand Inward Strike 손날 안치기 sonnal-an-chigi Green Stripe Belt Test Green Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Lift Punch 치지르기 chi-jireugi Green Stripe Belt Test Green Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Back Knuckle Forward Strike 등주먹 앞치기 deung-jumeok-ap-chigi Green Belt Test Blue Stripe Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Downward Punch 내려지르기 naeryeo-jireugi Green Belt Test Blue Stripe Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Swallow Hand Blade Inward Strike 제비품 손날 안치기 jebipoom-sonnal-an-chigi Green Belt Test Blue Stripe Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Spearhand Vertical Thrust 편손끝 세워찌르기 pyeonsonkkeut-sewo-jjireugi Green Belt Test Blue Stripe Belt Test Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Supporting Vertical Thrust 거들어 세워찌르기 kodureo-sewo-jjireugi Green Belt Test Blue Stripe Belt Test Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Elbow Turning Strike 팔굽 돌려치기 palgup-dollyeo-chigi Blue Stripe Belt Test Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Elbow Target Strike 팔굽 표적치기 palgup-pyojeok-chigi Blue Stripe Belt Test Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Hammer Fist Strike 메주먹 치기 mejumeok-chigi Blue Stripe Belt Test Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level
Hammer Fist Downward Strike 메주먹 내려치기 mejumeok-naeryeo-chigi Blue Stripe Belt Test Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Hammer Fist Outward Strike 메주먹 바깥치기 mejumeok-bakkat-chigi Blue Stripe Belt Test Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Vertical Punch 세워지르기 sewo-jireugi Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Turning Punch 돌려지르기 dollyeo-jireugi Blue Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Outward Back Fist 등주먹 바깥치기 deung-jumeok-bakkat-chigi Blue Belt Test Red Stripe Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Hand Blade Outward Strike 손날 바깥치기 sonnal-olgul-bakkat-chigi Blue Belt Test Red Stripe Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Hand Blade Side Strike 손날 옆치기 sonnal-yeop-chigi Blue Belt Test Red Stripe Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Elbow Rear Strike 팔굽 뒤치기 palgup-dwi-chigi Blue Belt Test Red Stripe Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Elbow Downward Strike 팔굽 내려치기 palgup-naeryeo-chigi Blue Belt Test Red Stripe Belt Test Intermediate Level Tutorial »
Side Punch 옆지르기 yeop-jireugi Red Stripe Belt Test Red Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Turn Over Punch 젖혀지르기 jeocheo-jireugi Red Stripe Belt Test Red Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Fist Turn-over Punch 주먹 젖혀지르기 jumeok jeocheo-jireugi Red Stripe Belt Test Red Belt Test Advanced Level
Double-Fist Turn-over Punch 두주먹 젖혀지르기 dujumeok jeocheo-jireugi Red Stripe Belt Test Red Belt Test Advanced Level
Downward Chop 내려찍기 naeryeo-chigi Red Stripe Belt Test Red Belt Test Advanced Level
Inward Chop 안찍기 an-chigi Red Stripe Belt Test Red Belt Test Advanced Level
Forward Chop 앞찍기 ap-chigi Red Stripe Belt Test Red Belt Test Advanced Level
'C' Shape Punch ‘ㄷ’ 자지르기 digeutja-jireugi Red Belt Test Black Stripe Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Pulling and Punching 당겨지르기 danggyeo-jireugi Red Belt Test Black Stripe Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Target Punch 표적지르기 pyojeok-jireugi Black Stripe Belt Test Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Palm Heel Forward Strike 바탕손 앞치기 batangson-ap-chigi Black Stripe Belt Test Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Swallow Palm Heel Front Strike 제비품 바탕손 앞치기 jebipoom-batangson-ap-chigi Black Stripe Belt Test Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Extended Knuckle Fist 밤주먹 지르기 bamjumeok-jireugi Black Stripe Belt Test Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Extended Knuckle Fist Turn-over Punch 밤주먹 젖혀지르기 bamjumeok-jeocheo-jireugi Black Stripe Belt Test Black Belt Test Advanced Level
Bent Wrist Upward Strike 굽힌손목 올려치기 gupinsonmok-ollyeo-chigi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Pincer Hand Strike 집게주먹 지르기 jipge-jumeok-jireugi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Scissors Fingertip Thrust 가위손끝 찌르기 kawisonkkeut-jjireugi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Flat Fingertips Horizontal Strike 편손끝 엎어찌르기 pyeonsonkkeut-eopeo-jjireugi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Single Fingertip Vertical Thrust 한손끝 세워찌르기 hansonkkeut-sewo-jjireugi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Combined Two Fingertips Vertical Thrust 모은두손끝 세워찌르기 moeundusonkkeut-sewo-jjireugi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Combined Three Fingertips Vertical Thrust 모은세손끝 세워찌르기 moeunsesonkkeut-sewo-jjireugi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Ridgehand Inward Strike 손날등 안치기 sonnal-deung-an-chigi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Ridgehand Downward Strike 손날등 내려치기 sonnal-deung-naeryeo-chigi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Fork Punch 쳇다리지르기 chetdar-jireugi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Keumgang Punch 금강지르기 keumgang-jireugi Black Belt Test Advanced Level Tutorial »
Keumgang Forward Punch 금강 앞지르기 keumgang-ap-jireugi Black Belt Test Advanced Level
Keumgang Side Punch 금강 옆지르기 keumgang-yeop-jireugi Black Belt Test Advanced Level
Taekwondo Hand Strikes Taekwondo Hand Strikes

Related Articles

Taekwondo hand strikes are performed as a close distance alternative to kicks ( 차기 chagi ). Various surfaces of the hand may be engaged as the striking surface depending on which area of the opponents body is being targeted. This leads to a large array of hand positions. They are executed in a number of ways - from standing, jumping, spinning and rushing forwards. Hand strikes make up fast combinations of strikes which can leave an opponent stunned and unable to defend himself. Taekwondo also makes use of reverse, front and downward elbow strikes. For more information View Taekwondo Strikes »

Taekwondo Hand Strikes Taekwondo Hand Strikes

Related Articles


Taekwondo hand strikes are performed as a close distance alternative to kicks ( 차기 chagi ). Various surfaces of the hand may be engaged as the striking surface depending on which area of the opponents body is being targeted. This leads to a large array of hand positions. They are executed in a number of ways - from standing, jumping, spinning and rushing forwards. Hand strikes make up fast combinations of strikes which can leave an opponent stunned and unable to defend himself. Taekwondo also makes use of reverse, front and downward elbow strikes. View Taekwondo Strikes »

There are five tenets defined in the International Taekwondo Federation (ITF) and several more in World Taekwondo (WT).

Courtesy ( 예의 ye-ui ): "Showing courtesy to all, respecting others, having manners as well as maintaining the appropriate etiquette at all times, both within and outside the dojang (도장) (designated training area)." View Taekwondo Tenets »

RESOURCES
This article uses material from the Wikipedia articles "List of Taekwondo Techniques", "Fist (hand)", "Boxing", and "Strikes (attack)", which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

 

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